[cig-commits] r6217 - in seismo/1D/mineos/trunk/doc: . tex
sue at geodynamics.org
sue at geodynamics.org
Fri Mar 9 17:32:56 PST 2007
Author: sue
Date: 2007-03-09 17:32:55 -0800 (Fri, 09 Mar 2007)
New Revision: 6217
Added:
seismo/1D/mineos/trunk/doc/Figures/
Removed:
seismo/1D/mineos/trunk/doc/mineos-template.lyx
seismo/1D/mineos/trunk/doc/tex/Figures/
Log:
moving Figures dir up a level
Copied: seismo/1D/mineos/trunk/doc/Figures (from rev 6166, seismo/1D/mineos/trunk/doc/tex/Figures)
Deleted: seismo/1D/mineos/trunk/doc/mineos-template.lyx
===================================================================
--- seismo/1D/mineos/trunk/doc/mineos-template.lyx 2007-03-10 01:19:46 UTC (rev 6216)
+++ seismo/1D/mineos/trunk/doc/mineos-template.lyx 2007-03-10 01:32:55 UTC (rev 6217)
@@ -1,4458 +0,0 @@
-#LyX 1.4.3 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
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-\begin_layout Standard
-\noindent
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- filename mineos_cover.pdf
- width 75page%
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Title
-Mineos
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Author
-© California Institute of Technology
-\newline
-Guy Masters
-\newline
-Version 1.0
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Date
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-
-\begin_layout Standard
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-\begin_layout Chapter
-Preface
-\end_layout
-
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-
-
-\backslash
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-
-\end_layout
-
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-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Section
-Who Will Use Mineos?
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The main audience for Gale is research scientists interested in modeling
- tectonic processes on long time scales.
- Examples of problems that can be solved are the development of tectonic
- structure associated with extension and compression, especially where localizat
-ion is important.
- You do not have to be an expert in finite element analysis or scientific
- computing to use this software.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Section
-Citation
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-Computational Infrastructure for Geodynamics (CIG) is making this source
- code available to you in the hope that the software will enhance your research
- in geophysics.
- The underlying C code for the finite element package was donated to CIG
- in July of 2005.
- A number of individuals have contributed a significant portion of their
- careers toward the development of Gale.
- It is essential that you recognize these individuals in the normal scientific
- practice by making appropriate acknowledgements.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The code is based on the method described in
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-Moresi, L.N., F.
- Dufour, and H.-B.
- Mühlhaus (2003), A Lagrangian integration point finite element method for
- large deformation modeling of viscoelastic geomaterials,
-\emph on
-J.
- Comp.
- Phys., 184
-\series bold
-,
-\series default
-\emph default
- 476-497.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The code was originally developed by the Victorian Partnership for Advanced
- Computing (VPAC) and Louis Moresi's group at Monash University.
- Walter Landry of CIG and Luke Hodkinson of VPAC have enhanced the code
- to satisfy the requirements of the long-term tectonics community.
- Roger Buck, Gus Correa, and Robert Bialas from the Lamont-Doherty Earth
- Observatory, Columbia University, provided valuable user testing.
- The Gale team requests that in your oral presentations and in your papers
- that you indicate your use of this code and acknowledge the authors of
- the code,
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \htmlurl[CIG]{www.geodynamics.org}
-
-\end_inset
-
-,
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \htmlurl[Victoria Partnership for Advanced Computing]{www.vpac.org}
-
-\end_inset
-
-, and
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \htmlurl[Monash University]{www.monash.edu}
-
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-.
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-
-\begin_layout Section
-Support
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-Gale development is supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation
- to CIG, managed by the California Institute of Technology.
- However, most of the software components below Gale have been developed
- by the Victoria Partnership for Advanced Computing (VPAC) and Monash University.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Chapter
-Introduction
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Section
-Mineos Package Overview
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The
-\series bold
-Mineos Package
-\series default
-, by Guy Masters, consists of four programs:
-\series bold
-minos_bran, eigcon, green,
-\series default
- and
-\series bold
-syndat
-\series default
-.
- Functionally, the programs break into two sub-groups.
- The first sub-group contains the programs that produce the normal mode
- eigenfunctions and eigenfrequencies,
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
- and
-\series bold
-eigcon
-\series default
-.
- Information flow into and out of these two programs, which we call the
-
-\shape italic
-eigenfunction system
-\shape default
-, is summarized in Figure 1.
- The second sub-group, referred to as the
-\shape italic
-synthetic seismogram system
-\shape default
-, comprises the programs that read the output from
-\series bold
-eigcon
-\series default
- and compute Green functions and synthetic seismograms.
- These programs are
-\series bold
-green
-\series default
- and
-\series bold
-syndat
-\series default
- and information flow through these programs is summarized in Figure 2.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The four programs are executed in sequence.
- Some of the most important files that are produced along the way and at
- the end are formatted into an extension of the CSS-3.0 relational data base
- schema.
- Each file is an ascii flat file that can be read with a text editor, but
- has the advantage of also being subsumable into a data base system such
- as ORACLE, Postgress, MySql, or Antelope.
- This
-\shape italic
-multi-tiered access
-\shape default
- is a design goal of the I/O system of the
-\series bold
-Mineos
-\series default
- package.
- The potential disadvantage of using the relational database framework is
- that the files in the schema are formatted ascii files that are better
- generated programmatically than by hand.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-Under the CSS schema, the files are identified by a database name (
-\shape italic
-dbname
-\shape default
-) and a suffix that specifies a particular type of file (or relation).
- An example would be
-\begin_inset Formula ${\it mineos.site}$
-\end_inset
-
-, which is a site table (or relation) for the data base named
-\shape italic
-mineos
-\shape default
-.
- To the many users of Antelope, some of these files will be transparent
- as they are part of the core CSS-3.0 definition.
- Examples include the
-\shape italic
-.site
-\shape default
-,
-\shape italic
-sitechan
-\shape default
-, and
-\shape italic
-.wfdisc
-\shape default
- relations.
- Other tables are extensions to CSS, such as the
-\shape italic
-.eigen
-\shape default
- relation which contains parametric information for the eigenfunctions and
- points to a much larger direct access file containing the eigenfunctions.
- The package does not slavishly adhere to CSS, however.
- For example, event information is summarized into a single flat file that
- summarizes the information that would be contained in the
-\shape italic
-.origin, .centryd
-\shape default
-, and
-\shape italic
-.moment
-\shape default
- relations in CSS.
- The input 1D model file also is not part of the CSS schema.
- File formats, therefore, are a hybrid with CSS and extensions to the CSS
- core.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The final output synthetic seismograms are represented by a
-\shape italic
-.wfdisc
-\shape default
- relation, which points to binary waveform files.
- The synthetic, therefore, can be read and displayed by Antelope programs
- such as
-\shape italic
-dbpick
-\shape default
- or
-\shape italic
-dbe
-\shape default
-.
- The binary waveform files themselves, however, can be converted upon completion
- into the SAC format, with the SAC headers sufficiently populated so that
- the SAC program can be used to read in, manipulate, and display the waveforms.
- Such multi-tiered access is designed to facilitate user interaction with
- the synthetics.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Section
-Mineos History
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-Need
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Section
-Eigenfunction System of Programs
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\noindent
-\align center
-\begin_inset Float figure
-wide false
-sideways false
-status open
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\noindent
-\align center
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename tex/Figures/Fig1.eps
- width 5in
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Caption
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{fig:1}
-
-\end_inset
-
- Summary of information flow through the eigenfunction system of programs
- comprising
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
- and
-\series bold
-eigcon
-\series default
-.
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The program
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
- is the work-horse of the
-\series bold
-Mineos
-\series default
- Package.
- Given a 1D model of the earth and the normal mode band of interest (defined
- in terms of a range of frequencies (
-\shape italic
-fmin, fmax
-\shape default
-) and normal mode indices (
-\shape italic
-nmin, nmax, lmin, lmax
-\shape default
-)),
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
- computes and outputs the eigenfunctions and eigenfrequencies of the model
- for spheroidal, toroidal, or radial modes (optionally).
- The output from
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
- is in an informally defined pair of files, one an ascii file containing
- the input model and output normal mode parameters and the other a binary
- file containing the eigenfunctions from the free surface to the earth's
- center.
- The size of the output depends on
-\shape italic
-fmax
-\shape default
-, the highest desired frequency, and the number of radial knots in the input
- model file.
- If the desired frequencies extend to periods as short as 6 sec, the eigenfuncti
-ons and eigenfrequencies of more than 150,000 spheroidal and 100,000 toroidal
- modes will be computed if all dispersion branches are chosen.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The eigenfunctions themselves may be interesting to some users if sensitivity
- kernels, for examples, are desired.
- The normalization of the eigenfunctions that emerge from program
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
- is discussed in section 3.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The program
-\series bold
-eigcon
-\series default
- repackages the eigenfunctions in two principal ways.
- It, first, renormalizes the eigenfunctions and, second, truncates the tabulatio
-n to extend only to a cut-off depth which is intended to be the depth of
- the deepest earthquake considered.
- This truncation greatly reduces the size of the eigenfunction file and
- speeds computation of the Green functions.
- In addition,
-\series bold
-eigcon
-\series default
- reformats the output eigenfunction file into a binary file that is much
- more independent of computer architecture than that which emerges from
-
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
-.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The final output is represented more formally than the output from
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
-, based on the
-\shape italic
-.eigen
-\shape default
- relation, which points to the eigenfunction file on disk.
- The
-\shape italic
-.eigen
-\shape default
- table is an extension of the CSS database schema.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Subsection
-Synthetic Seismogram System of Programs
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-%Figure 2
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Float figure
-wide false
-sideways false
-status open
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\align center
-\begin_inset Graphics
- filename tex/Figures/Fig2.eps
- width 5in
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Caption
-Summary of information flow through the synthetic seismogram system of programs
- comprising
-\series bold
-green
-\series default
- and
-\series bold
-syndat
-\series default
-.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{fig:2}
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-Synthetic seismograms are produced in two stages.
- In the first stage, program
-\series bold
-green
-\series default
- computes Green functions and, in the second stage, program
-\series bold
-syndat
-\series default
- transforms the Green functions to synthetic seismograms by convolving them
- with a centroid moment tensor and input event half-rise time.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-Program
-\series bold
-green
-\series default
- computes the Green function for an event at an input depth.
- The primary input is the
-\shape italic
-.eigen
-\shape default
- relation(s) output from
-\series bold
-eigcon
-\series default
-.
- Typically, there may only be two
-\shape italic
-.eigen
-\shape default
- files input, one for spheroidal and another for toroidal modes.
- Radial modes could constitute another input file.
- However, the input is sufficiently flexible to allow the user to separate
- the input eigenfunctions into more files, if desired.
- It is up to the user to ensure that the files contain unique normal modes,
- however.
- The stations and channels for which Green functions are produced by program
-
-\series bold
-green
-\series default
- are driven by the input
-\shape italic
-.sitechan
-\shape default
- table.
- The
-\shape italic
-.site
-\shape default
- table is also needed by
-\series bold
-green
-\series default
- to provide the station coordinates.
- The
-\shape italic
-.sitechan
-\shape default
- table, therefore, must contain all and only those stations and channels
- desired by the user.
- The user must strictly adhere to the format of these files.
- A natural way to do this is to order a dataless (or data-full) SEED volume
- (for example from the IRIS DMC) for the stations of interest, and run RDSEED
- or an Antelope product (e.g., sd2de, seed2db) to convert to the two CSS tables.
- Event coordinates and depth are contained in an unformatted, single lines
- file that we call
-\shape italic
-cmt_event
-\shape default
-.
- This file must be created and input into program
-\series bold
-green
-\series default
- and
-\series bold
-syndat
-\series default
-.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The output of program
-\series bold
-green
-\series default
- is a
-\shape italic
-.wfdisc
-\shape default
- file (in the CSS-3.0 data base schema) in which each row corresponds to
- a given station:channel pair and points to the Green function on disk.
- Antelope products can be used to view the Green functions in which each
- station:channel set of six waveforms is multiplexed into a single waveform.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-Program
-\series bold
-syndat
-\series default
- convolves the Green functions pointed to by the
-\shape italic
-.wfdisc
-\shape default
- relation that emerges from
-\series bold
-green
-\series default
- with the centroid-moment tensor and half-rise time of the chosen event
- that is contained in file
-\shape italic
-cmt_event
-\shape default
-.
- The output is a
-\shape italic
-.wfdisc
-\shape default
- in which each row corresponds to a single station:channel pair and points
- to the associated waveform on disk presented in velocity ground units (nm/sec).
- Transfer functions to convert to instrument counts for direct comparison
- with data are not part of the package.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\noindent
-\align center
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Chapter
-Installation and Getting Help
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Section
-Introduction
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-Installation of Mineos on a desktop or laptop machine is, in most cases,
- very easy.
- TODO: more here?
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Subsection
-Getting Started
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-There are examples for running the four programs in section 10.
- In addition, to help the user get started, the standard installation comes
- with several input files.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-
-\series bold
-Model files
-\series default
-.
- Four model files are presented:
-\series bold
-prem_noocean.txt, prem_ocean.txt, NRussia.txt, CPacific.txt
-\series default
-.
- The first two are for PREM, one with an ocean and the other in which the
- ocean has been filled with solid crust.
- The other two model files are a continental and an ocean point, in N.
- Russia and the C.
- Pacific, respectively.
- The model in the latter two cases is the CU-Boulder 3-D model in the top
- 400 km, a 3-D model from Harvard through the rest of the mantle, underlain
- by PREM in the core, presented on a 2x2 deg grid world-wide.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-
-\series bold
-Eigenfunction files
-\series default
-.
- Output from
-\series bold
-eigcon
-\series default
- is presented for the 1D model PREM without an ocean.
- There are spheroidal and toroidal files.
- For spheroidal modes, there is
-\series bold
-prem_noocean_S.eigen
-\series default
- with the associated eigenfunction file that's contained in the directory
-
-\series bold
-prem_noocean_S.eigen.dat
-\series default
-, simply called
-\series bold
-eigen
-\series default
-.
- Similarly, for toroidal modes there is
-\series bold
-prem_noocean_T.eigen
-\series default
- and directory
-\series bold
-prem_noocean_T.eigen.dat
-\series default
-.
- Eigenfunctions are computed with the following characteristics: (fmin,
- fmax) = (0, 125.0 mHz), (nmin, nmax) = (1, 30), (lmin, lmax) = (1, 1631).
- This produces all toroidal and the vast majority of spheroidal modes up
- to 8 sec period.
- There are about 28,000 spheroidal and 28,000 toroidal modes.
- Truncation depth of the eigenfunctions is 1000 km.
- The eigen files for the spheroidal and toroidal modes are about 52 and
- 22 Mb, respectively.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-
-\series bold
-Event files
-\series default
-.
- There is a single event file called
-\series bold
-china_cmt_event.txt
-\series default
- that contains Harvard CMT information for an event in Southern China.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-
-\series bold
-Station:Channel files
-\series default
-.
- Two sets of station:channel files are included: (1)
-\series bold
-long.site
-\series default
- and
-\series bold
-long.sitechan
-\series default
- and (2)
-\series bold
-short.site
-\series default
- and
-\series bold
-short.sitechan
-\series default
-.
- The
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-long" files are a long list of about 150 stations and the
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-short" list is about 15 stations at various distances from the event S.
- China.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Subsection
-Utilities
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-Currently we provide four utilities:
-\series bold
-cucss2sac
-\series default
-,
-\series bold
-eigen2asc
-\series default
-,
-\series bold
-endi
-\series default
-,
-\series bold
-simpledit
-\series default
-, and
-\series bold
-creat_origin
-\series default
-.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-
-\series bold
-cucss2sac
-\series default
- converts synthetic waveforms represented in CSS3.0 (i.e.,
-\shape italic
-.wfdisc
-\shape default
- relation pointing to binary formatted waveforms on disk) into SAC or ASCII
- formatted waveform files.
- Note that seismological coommunity provides us with another CSS to SAC
- converters, and you may use them for your own risk.
- For example, for the SUN platform, the distribution set
-\family typewriter
-css2sac-3.0.3.tar.z
-\family default
- is available from
-\shape italic
-http://www.iris.edu
-\shape default
-.
- The utility from that site, however, doesn't work under Linux or Windows
- platforms.
- The bugs are fixed in the
-\family typewriter
-css2sac_082006.zip
-\family default
- package which is available from
-\shape italic
-http://www.sunrisear.com/download.html
-\shape default
-.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-
-\series bold
-eigen2asc
-\series default
- prints out on a standard output device requested eigenfunctions from
-\shape italic
-.eigen
-\shape default
- relation (CSS3.0 extension).
- The eigenfunctions might be requested by order numbers, (n, l), or by (n,
- T).
- In second case
-\series bold
-eigen2asc
-\series default
- matches the order number l with the closest period to T.
- Output might be redirected to file for further usage.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-
-\series bold
-endi
-\series default
- swaps order of words bytes in binary files.
- The length of word is any integer number, for example, 2, 4, 6, 16, etc.
-
-\series bold
-endi
-\series default
- might be used for BIG_ENDIAN-LOW_ENDIAN binary data conversation.
- Note, that this program upgrades files in place.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-
-\series bold
-simpledit
-\series default
- is a simple filter program.
- It converts a manually created (text editor) unformatted ascii file with
- station and channel information into CSS3.0
-\shape italic
-.site
-\shape default
- and
-\shape italic
-.sitechan
-\shape default
- relation tables.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-
-\series bold
-creat_origin
-\series default
- is a shell script that converts an event file (e.g.,
-\series bold
-china_cmt_event.txt
-\series default
-) into the CSS3.0
-\shape italic
-.origin
-\shape default
- relation.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-For more details see Section 7 of this Manual.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Subsection
-System Requirements
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-32-bit processor (64-bit is recommended)
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-Unix Operating System
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-512 MB of RAM
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-FORTRAN 77 and C compilers.
- Currently, the
-\series bold
-Mineos
-\series default
- package was tested under SunOS 5.7/f77/cc and under Linux RedHat/f77/g77.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_deeper
-\begin_layout Itemize
-To check if you have these compilers, type at the command line:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout LyX-Code
-$ f77
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout LyX-Code
-$ g77
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout LyX-Code
-$ gcc
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout LyX-Code
-$ cc
-\end_layout
-
-\end_deeper
-\begin_layout Itemize
-At least 1 GB of available hard-disk space
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-autoconf 2.59 or higher version and automake 1.8.4 or higher version.
- This requirement is only for software developers.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Section
-Download and Configure Mineos
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Enumerate
-Download the tar file from the CIG website or SVN (Subversion) server
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_deeper
-\begin_layout Enumerate
-Go to
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \htmlurl[CIG Software Packages: Mineos]{geodynamics.org/cig/software/packages/seismo/mineos}
-
-\end_inset
-
-(TODO: need web page there and tar file.), OR
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Enumerate
-Check out from the Subversion server:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout LyX-Code
-svn co svn+ssh://svn@geodynamics.org/cig/seismo/1D/mineos/trunk mineos
-\end_layout
-
-\end_deeper
-\begin_layout Enumerate
-Run ``autoreconf -i'' to unpack configure scripts
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_deeper
-\begin_layout LyX-Code
-$ autoreconf -i
-\end_layout
-
-\end_deeper
-\begin_layout Enumerate
-Run configure
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_deeper
-\begin_layout LyX-Code
-./configure --prefix=/home/YourHomeDirectory/mineos-bin
-\end_layout
-
-\end_deeper
-\begin_layout Enumerate
-Run ``make''
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_deeper
-\begin_layout LyX-Code
-make
-\end_layout
-
-\end_deeper
-\begin_layout Enumerate
-Run ``make install''
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_deeper
-\begin_layout LyX-Code
-make install
-\end_layout
-
-\end_deeper
-\begin_layout Enumerate
-Untar the DEMO directory to access the provided input files
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_deeper
-\begin_layout LyX-Code
-tar -ztvf DEMO/DEMO.tar.gz
-\end_layout
-
-\end_deeper
-\begin_layout Enumerate
-Now you can run one of the demo input files, e.g.,
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_deeper
-\begin_layout LyX-Code
-/home/YourHomeDirectory/mineos-bin/bin/minos_bran < prem_noocean.txt
-\end_layout
-
-\end_deeper
-\begin_layout Section
-minos_bran program
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
- program produces the solution of the seismic normal mode eigenvalue-eigenfuncti
-on problem.
- The program evaluates the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for radial, spheroidal
- (S) and toroidal (T) modes.
- The model of the earth is self-gravitating, spherically symmetric, transversely
- isotropic, and attenuative.
-
-\newline
-
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
- is written in the FORTRAN-77 language.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Subsection
-Command line
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\noindent
-
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\noindent
-
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
-
-\begin_inset Formula $<$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\shape italic
-parameter_file
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\noindent
-
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
-
-\begin_inset Formula $<<$
-\end_inset
-
- WORD
-\newline
- ........
-
-\newline
- ........
-
-\newline
- WORD
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\noindent
-There are three different ways to start the
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
- program:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-interactive dialog for setting input parameters;
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-single shell command with redirection of the standard input to the parameter
- file
-\shape italic
-parameter_file
-\shape default
- containing exactly the same information and in the same order as an interactive
- dialog - one answer per line;
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-direct shell script.
- In this case, the contents of the parameter file are directly included
- into the shell script between the delimiters
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-WORD".
- See examples.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\noindent
-The parameter file consists of six lines:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 1:
-\shape italic
-model_file
-\shape default
-
-\newline
-
-\shape italic
-model_file
-\shape default
- is the path to the 1-D input model file.
- Text string up to 256 characters long.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 2:
-\shape italic
-out_plain_file
-\shape default
-
-\newline
-
-\shape italic
-out_plain_file
-\shape default
- is the path to the output ASCII file.
- The file contains a model listing and a summary of mode properties.
- Text string up to 256 characters long.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 3:
-\shape italic
-out_bin_file
-\shape default
-
-\newline
-
-\shape italic
-out_bin_file
-\shape default
- is the path to the output FORTRAN unformatted binary file.
- The file is a collection of eigenfunctions in a binary representation.
- The file name
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-none" is a special name.
-
-\begin_inset Quotes eld
-\end_inset
-
-none" will suppress the calculation of eigenfunctions.
- Text string up to 256 characters long.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 4:
-\shape italic
-eps, wgrav
-\shape default
-
-\newline
- Parameter
-\shape italic
-eps
-\shape default
- controls the accuracy of the Runge-Kutta integration scheme.
- The relative accuracy of an eigenfrequency is a factor 2-3 times
-\shape italic
-eps
-\shape default
-.
-
-\shape italic
-eps
-\shape default
- also controls the precision with which a root is found and the minimum
- relative separation of two roots with the same angular order.
- It is safe to set
-\begin_inset Formula $eps=10^{-7}$
-\end_inset
-
- for periods greater than 10 seconds.
- For periods between 5 and 10 seconds, it has to be set to
-\begin_inset Formula $10^{-12}-10^{-10}$
-\end_inset
-
-.
-
-\shape italic
-wgrav
-\shape default
- is the frequency in millihertz (mHz) above which gravitational terms are
- neglected - this gives about a factor of 3 increase in speed.
-
-\series bold
-Format:
-\series default
- unformatted.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 5:
-\shape italic
-jcom
-\shape default
-
-\newline
-
-\shape italic
-jcom
-\shape default
- is the type of oscillation.
-
-\begin_inset Formula $jcom=1$
-\end_inset
-
- for radial modes,
-\begin_inset Formula $=2$
-\end_inset
-
- for toroidal modes,
-\begin_inset Formula $=3$
-\end_inset
-
- for spheroidal modes, and
-\begin_inset Formula $=4$
-\end_inset
-
- for inner core toroidal modes.
-
-\series bold
-Format:
-\series default
- unformatted.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 6:
-\shape italic
-lmin, lmax, wmin, wmax, nmin, nmax
-\shape default
-
-\newline
-
-\begin_inset Formula $lmin,\; lmax$
-\end_inset
-
- define the range of angular orders
-\begin_inset Formula $l$
-\end_inset
-
- to be computed.
- For radial modes,
-\begin_inset Formula $jcom=1$
-\end_inset
-
-,
-\begin_inset Formula $lmin,\; lmax$
-\end_inset
-
- are read in but are not used.
-
-\begin_inset Formula $wmin,\; wmax$
-\end_inset
-
- define the frequency range to be computed (in milli-Hertz).
-
-\begin_inset Formula $nmin,\; nmax$
-\end_inset
-
- specify the range of dispersion branch numbers
-\begin_inset Formula $n$
-\end_inset
-
- to be computed.
-
-\begin_inset Formula $n=0$
-\end_inset
-
- is the fundamental mode.
-
-\series bold
-Format:
-\series default
- unformatted.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-% Input data
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Subsection
-Input data
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\series bold
-\size large
-\emph on
-model_file.
-
-\series default
-\emph default
- The model file is a plain ASCII file that may be either given in tabular
- or polynomial form.
- The first two lines in the model file are common.
- The rest of the file depends on the setting and file type.
- A more detailed description of the model file is:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 1:
-\shape italic
-title
-\shape default
-
-\newline
- Any text up to 80 characters long.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 2:
-\shape italic
-ifanis, tref, ifdeck
-\shape default
-
-\newline
-
-\begin_inset Formula $ifanis=1$
-\end_inset
-
- for an anisotropic (transversely isotropic) model,
-\begin_inset Formula $=0$
-\end_inset
-
- for isotropic.
-
-\begin_inset Formula $tref$
-\end_inset
-
- is the reference period (seconds) of the model for the physical dispersion
- correction.
- If
-\begin_inset Formula $tref\leq0$
-\end_inset
-
- no correction is made.
- The parameter
-\begin_inset Formula $ifdeck$
-\end_inset
-
- defines the type of model.
- If
-\begin_inset Formula $ifdeck=1$
-\end_inset
-
-, the model is presented in tabular form.
- If
-\begin_inset Formula $ifdeck=0$
-\end_inset
-
-, the model is presented as a polynomial.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-% Tabular model
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\shape italic
-\size large
-Tabular Setting,
-\size normal
-
-\begin_inset Formula $ifdeck=1$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\shape default
-.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 3:
-\shape italic
-N, nic, noc
-\shape default
-
-\newline
-
-\begin_inset Formula $N$
-\end_inset
-
- is the number of model knots and
-\begin_inset Formula $N\leq350$
-\end_inset
-
-.
-
-\begin_inset Formula $nic$
-\end_inset
-
- is the index of the solid side of the inner core boundary (ICB).
-
-\begin_inset Formula $noc$
-\end_inset
-
- is the index of the fluid side of the mantle core boundary (MCB).
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-%Note that $n$ must be $
-\backslash
-leq 223$.
- (mhr)
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\series bold
-Format:
-\series default
- unformatted.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Lines 4
-\begin_inset Formula $\;-\;(N+3)$
-\end_inset
-
-:
-\shape italic
-r, rho, vpv, vsv, qkappa, qshear, vph, vsh, eta
-\shape default
-
-\newline
- Each line describes the model parameter set for a single knot at radius
-
-\begin_inset Formula $r$
-\end_inset
-
-.
- Note that each knot has an integer index starting from 1, where the index
- is equal to the line number minus 3.
- The discontinuity interfaces are defined by a pair of knots at the same
- radius.
-
-\newline
- The line fields are:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_deeper
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- r
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - radius of the knot in meters (m).
-
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
- truncates the fractional part of radius, so a layer with thickness less
- that 1 m does not make any sense.
- Introducing thin layers (less than 1 m) leads to creating additional interfaces.
- If the model includes a surface liquid layer, it must be a single layer
- without intermediate knots.
- Radius starts from zero (index
-\begin_inset Formula $=1$
-\end_inset
-
-) and ends at the free surface, growing from the center of the earth outward.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- rho
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - density, (
-\begin_inset Formula ${\rm kg/m^{3}}$
-\end_inset
-
-)
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- vpv
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - velocity of vertically polarized P wave, (m/s)
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- vsv
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - velocity of vertically polarized S wave, (m/s)
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- qkappa
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - compressional Q
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- qshear
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - shear Q
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- vph
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - velocity of horizontally polarized P, (m/s)
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- vsh
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - velocity of horizontally polarized S, (m/s)
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- eta
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - transversely isotropic model parameter
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-If the model is isotropic,
-\begin_inset Formula $ifanis=1$
-\end_inset
-
- and
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
- reads and changes the values of
-\shape italic
-vph, vsh
-\shape default
- and
-\shape italic
-eta
-\shape default
- field in the following way:
-\begin_inset Formula $vph=vpv,\; vsh=vsv$
-\end_inset
-
-, and
-\begin_inset Formula $eta=1$
-\end_inset
-
-.
- If both
-\begin_inset Formula $qkappa$
-\end_inset
-
- and
-\begin_inset Formula $qshear$
-\end_inset
-
- are equal to zero, the
-\begin_inset Formula $Q$
-\end_inset
-
- model is not specified for the knot and no correction for attenuation is
- made.
-\newline
-
-\series bold
-Format:
-\series default
- (f8.0, 3f9.2, 2f9.1, 2f9.2, f9.5)
-\end_layout
-
-\end_deeper
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-% Polynomial model
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\shape italic
-\size large
-Polynomial Setting,
-\size normal
-
-\begin_inset Formula $ifdeck=0$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\shape default
-.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 3:
-\shape italic
-nreg, nic, noc, rx
-\shape default
-
-\newline
-
-\begin_inset Formula $nreg$
-\end_inset
-
- is the number of regions in the model,
-\begin_inset Formula $nic$
-\end_inset
-
- and
-\begin_inset Formula $noc$
-\end_inset
-
- have the same meaning as for the tabular model,
-\begin_inset Formula $rx$
-\end_inset
-
- is the normalizing radius for the polynomials.
-
-\begin_inset Formula $rx$
-\end_inset
-
- is given in (km) and it is usually 6371 km.
-
-\series bold
-Format:
-\series default
- unformatted.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 4:
-\shape italic
-nlay,r1,r2
-\shape default
-
-\newline
-
-\begin_inset Formula $nlay$
-\end_inset
-
- is the number of levels (layers) to be used in the region extending from
- radius
-\begin_inset Formula $r1$
-\end_inset
-
- to
-\begin_inset Formula $r2$
-\end_inset
-
-,
-\begin_inset Formula $r1$
-\end_inset
-
- to
-\begin_inset Formula $r2$
-\end_inset
-
- are in (km).
-
-\series bold
-Format:
-\series default
- unformatted.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Lines 5-9 or 5-12: Lines 4-9 or 4-12 must be repeated
-\begin_inset Formula $nreg$
-\end_inset
-
- times.
- Lines 4-9 must be repeated for the isotropic model and lines 4-12 for the
- anisotropic model.
- Each line consists of five coefficients
-\begin_inset Formula $a_{0},\; a_{1},\; a_{2},\; a_{3},\; a_{4}$
-\end_inset
-
- for the fourth order polynomial
-\begin_inset Formula $P(x)=a_{0}+a_{1}x+a_{2}x^{2}+a_{3}x^{3}+a_{4}x^{4}$
-\end_inset
-
-, where,
-\begin_inset Formula $x=r/rx$
-\end_inset
-
-.
- A set of 5 or 8 polynomials is used for interpolating the model parameters:
- density, velocities, etc., as a function of normalized radius inside the
- region defined by line 4.
-
-\series bold
-Format:
-\series default
- (5f9.5).
- More detail:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 5: Coefficients for density
-\begin_inset Formula $rho$
-\end_inset
-
-, (
-\begin_inset Formula ${\rm g/cm^{3})}$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 6: Coefficients for
-\begin_inset Formula $vpv$
-\end_inset
-
-, (
-\begin_inset Formula ${\rm km/s)}$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 7: Coefficients for
-\begin_inset Formula $vsv$
-\end_inset
-
-, (
-\begin_inset Formula ${\rm km/s)}$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 8: Coefficients for
-\begin_inset Formula $qkappa$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 9: Coefficients for
-\begin_inset Formula $qshear$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Three next lines must be added for an anisotropic model.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 10: Coefficients for
-\begin_inset Formula $vph$
-\end_inset
-
-, (
-\begin_inset Formula ${\rm km/s)}$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 11: Coefficients for
-\begin_inset Formula $vsh$
-\end_inset
-
-, (
-\begin_inset Formula ${\rm km/s)}$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Line 12: Coefficients for
-\begin_inset Formula $eta$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Subsection
-Output data
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
- outputs an ASCII listing file and a FORTRAN unformatted binary file.
- The first file contains the model table and the normal mode properties
- and the second contains the eigenfunctions.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\noindent
-
-\series bold
-\size large
-\emph on
-out_plain_file.
-
-\series default
-\emph default
- The file consists of two parts:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Part 1: Model table.
- The model output is always in tabular form.
- If the input model is in tabular form, the output model is just a copy
- except that knots are given indices and columns are placed in a different
- order.
- For an isotropic model,
-\begin_inset Formula $vph$
-\end_inset
-
- will be replaced on
-\begin_inset Formula $vpv$
-\end_inset
-
-,
-\begin_inset Formula $vsh$
-\end_inset
-
- on
-\begin_inset Formula $vsv$
-\end_inset
-
-, and
-\begin_inset Formula $eta=1$
-\end_inset
-
-.
- If the input model is in polynomial form, the model is converted to tabular
- form by interpolation across region layers.
- For each region, the program constructs
-\begin_inset Formula $nlay+1$
-\end_inset
-
- knots with a constant step in radius.
- The total number of knots
-\begin_inset Formula $N$
-\end_inset
-
- is equal to
-\begin_inset Formula $nreg\cdot(nlay+1)$
-\end_inset
-
-.
- Lines from the beginning of the file look as follows:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_deeper
-\begin_layout Description
-Lines 1-5: Contains the model
-\begin_inset Formula $title$
-\end_inset
-
-, reference period
-\begin_inset Formula $tref$
-\end_inset
-
-, header for the model table, and empty lines.
-
-\series bold
-Format:
-\series default
- no format.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Lines
-\begin_inset Formula $6\;-\;(N+5)$
-\end_inset
-
-:
-\shape italic
-index, r, rho, vpv, vph, vsv, vsh, eta, dshear, qkappa
-\shape default
-
-\newline
- where
-\begin_inset Formula $index$
-\end_inset
-
- is the knot number, starting from 1.
- The content of the remaining fields is described in section 3.2.
-
-\series bold
-Input data
-\series default
-.
-
-\newline
-
-\series bold
-Format:
-\series default
- (3x, i3, f12.1, 5f12.2, f12.5, 2f12.2)
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Description
-Lines
-\begin_inset Formula $N+6\div\; N+11$
-\end_inset
-
-: Contains text messages with Runge-Kutta precision integration, gravity
- cut off frequency, empty lines, and the header for the normal mode properties
- table (totaling 6 lines).
-\newline
-
-\series bold
-Format:
-\series default
- free.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_deeper
-\begin_layout Description
-Part 2: Mode properties.
- For a fixed radial order number
-\begin_inset Formula $n$
-\end_inset
-
- and angular order
-\begin_inset Formula $l,$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
- computes the eigenfunctions (stored separately) and the scalar parameters
- (properties): eigenvalue (frequency), phase and group velocities,
-\begin_inset Formula $Q$
-\end_inset
-
- and ratio of kinetic to potential energy.
- These scalar parameters are stored in the the normal mode properties table.
- Each row (line) in this table gives the properties for the current
-\begin_inset Formula $n$
-\end_inset
-
- and
-\begin_inset Formula $l$
-\end_inset
-
-.
- Lines following the first part look as follows:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_deeper
-\begin_layout Description
-Lines
-\begin_inset Formula $(N+12)\;-$
-\end_inset
-
- end:
-\shape italic
-norder, typeo, lorder, phvel, freq, per, grvel, Q, raylquo,
-\shape default
-
-\newline
- where,
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_deeper
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- norder
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - mode radial order number
-\begin_inset Formula $n$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- typeo
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - type of oscillation (single character): s - spheroidal, t - toroidal,
- c - inner core toroidal
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- lorder
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - mode angular order number
-\begin_inset Formula $l$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- phvel
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - phase velocity, (km/s)
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- freq
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - frequency (eigenvalue), (millihertz,mHz)
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- per
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - period, per = 1000/freq, (sec)
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- grvel
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - group velocity, (km/s)
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- Q
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - shear Q
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Itemize
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-[
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-{
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-it
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- raylquo
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-]
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
- - ratio of kinetic to potential energy minus 1 which should be small (of
- order
-\begin_inset Formula $eps$
-\end_inset
-
-), if the eigenfunction is accurate and if there are enough radial knots
- in the model to allow quadratures to be done accurately.
- (You will probably see some degradation in this parameter for strongly
- exponential modes such as Stoneley modes ).
-
-\newline
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\series bold
-Format:
-\series default
- (i5, a2, i5, 6g16.7)
-\end_layout
-
-\end_deeper
-\end_deeper
-\begin_layout Standard
-\noindent
-
-\series bold
-\size large
-\emph on
-out_bin_file.
-
-\series default
-\emph default
- This is a fixed record length binary encapsulated file.
- The file is not portable, which means that the type of encapsulation strongly
- depends on the compiler.
- For example, if the file was created on a SUN platform by the f77 compiler,
- it cannot be read by a progam created by the g77 compiler on the same platform.
- To avoid this inconvenience, the program
-\series bold
-eigcon
-\series default
- removes encapsulation and creates a binary file portable between different
- languages and platforms.
-
-\newline
-
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
- outputs each et of the eigenfunctions with a single write statement
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-
-\backslash
-t{:}
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Quote
-
-\family typewriter
-real*4 abuf(nvec)
-\family default
-
-\newline
-
-\family typewriter
-.....
-
-\family default
-
-\newline
-
-\family typewriter
-write(ioeig) (abuf(i),i
-\begin_inset Formula $=$
-\end_inset
-
-1,nvec)
-\family default
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-where nvec is
-\begin_inset Formula $5+6*N$
-\end_inset
-
- words long for spheroidal modes and
-\begin_inset Formula $5+2*N$
-\end_inset
-
- words long for other modes.
- The first five words of abuf are
-\begin_inset Formula $n,l,\omega,Q$
-\end_inset
-
-, and group velocity
-\begin_inset Formula $C_{g}$
-\end_inset
-
-.
- The rest of
-\family typewriter
-abuf
-\family default
- contains eigenfunctions and their derivatives by radius -
-\begin_inset Formula $U$
-\end_inset
-
-(1..N),
-\begin_inset Formula $U^{\prime}$
-\end_inset
-
-(1..N),
-\begin_inset Formula $V$
-\end_inset
-
-(1..N),
-\begin_inset Formula $V^{\prime}$
-\end_inset
-
-(1..N),
-\begin_inset Formula $P$
-\end_inset
-
-(1..N),
-\begin_inset Formula $P^{\prime}$
-\end_inset
-
-(1..N) for spheroidal modes and
-\begin_inset Formula $W$
-\end_inset
-
-(1..N),
-\begin_inset Formula $W^{\prime}$
-\end_inset
-
-(1..N) for other modes.
- Here,
-\begin_inset Formula $U$
-\end_inset
-
- is the eigenfunction for the vertical spheroidal (S) component,
-\begin_inset Formula $V$
-\end_inset
-
- for the horizontal S component,
-\begin_inset Formula $P$
-\end_inset
-
- is the gravitational potential.
-
-\begin_inset Formula $W$
-\end_inset
-
- is the common notation for modes other than S.
-\newline
- Eigenfunctions are stored
- in normalized form.
- The normalization of eigenfunctions is given by
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\omega^{2}\int_{0}^{r_{n}}\rho(r)\; W^{2}(r)r^{2}\; dr=1\]
-
-\end_inset
-
- for toroidal modes and
-\begin_inset Formula \[
-\omega^{2}\int_{0}^{r_{n}}\rho(r)\;[U^{2}(r)+V^{2}(r)]r^{2}\; dr=1\]
-
-\end_inset
-
- for spheroidal modes.
-
-\newline
- Note that
-\begin_inset Formula $r,\omega,\rho,V,U,W$
-\end_inset
-
- in the two formulas above are normalized such that a density of
-\begin_inset Formula $\rho_{n}=5515$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Formula ${\rm kg/m^{3}}$
-\end_inset
-
- is 1,
-\begin_inset Formula $\pi g$
-\end_inset
-
- is 1, where,
-\begin_inset Formula $G$
-\end_inset
-
- is the gravitational constant
-\begin_inset Formula $G=6.6723\cdot10^{-11}$
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Formula $m^{3}/kg/s^{2}$
-\end_inset
-
-, and the radius
-\begin_inset Formula $r_{n}$
-\end_inset
-
- of the free surface is 1.
- These normalizations result in:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\align center
-\begin_inset Tabular
-<lyxtabular version="3" rows="4" columns="2">
-<features>
-<column alignment="right" valignment="top" width="0">
-<column alignment="left" valignment="top" width="0">
-<row>
-<cell alignment="right" valignment="top" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-acceleration normalization:
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula $a_{n}=10^{20}/(\rho_{n}r_{n}^{4})$
-\end_inset
-
-;
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-</row>
-<row>
-<cell alignment="right" valignment="top" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-velocity normalization:
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula $v_{n}=r_{n}\;(\pi G\rho_{n})^{-1/2}$
-\end_inset
-
-;
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-</row>
-<row>
-<cell alignment="right" valignment="top" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-frequency normalization:
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula $\omega_{n}=v_{n}/r_{n}$
-\end_inset
-
-;
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-</row>
-<row>
-<cell alignment="right" valignment="top" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-radius normalization:
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-<cell alignment="left" valignment="top" usebox="none">
-\begin_inset Text
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Formula $r_{n}$
-\end_inset
-
-.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-</cell>
-</row>
-</lyxtabular>
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Subsection
-Messages
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-Program
-\series bold
-minos_bran
-\series default
- prints out on the standad output dialog messages only.
- See an example in section 10.1 (Interactive dialog).
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset ERT
-status collapsed
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-%1.
-
-\backslash
-texttt{in remedy with start level : ??}
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\end_layout
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-\begin_inset Include \include{eigcon.lyx}
-preview false
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Include \include{green.lyx}
-preview false
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Include \include{syndat.lyx}
-preview false
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Include \include{utilities.lyx}
-preview false
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Include \include{fun.lyx}
-preview false
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Include \include{tab.lyx}
-preview false
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\begin_inset Include \include{examples.lyx}
-preview false
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Chapter
-Support
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The primary point of support for Gale is the
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \url[CIG Computational Seismology Mailing List]{cig-seismo at geodynamics.org}
-
-\end_inset
-
-.
- Feel free to send questions, comments, feature requests, and bugs to the
- list.
- The mailing list is archived at
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout LyX-Code
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \htmlurl[cig-seismo Archives]{geodynamics.org/pipermail/cig-seismo/}
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-You may also use the bug tracker
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout LyX-Code
-\begin_inset LatexCommand \htmlurl[Roundup]{geodynamics.org/roundup}
-
-\end_inset
-
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-to submit bugs and requests for new features.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Chapter
-License
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-
-\series bold
-GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.
- Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
-\series default
-
-\newline
-
-\series medium
-Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license
- document, but changing it is not allowed.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Section*
-Preamble
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to
- share and change it.
- By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your
- freedom to share and change free software -- to make sure the software
- is free for all its users.
- This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's
- software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it.
- (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library
- General Public License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price.
- Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the
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- If the Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may
- choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
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-\begin_layout Subsection*
-NO WARRANTY
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-BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR
- THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.
- EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER
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-IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL
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-\begin_layout Section*
-END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
-\end_layout
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-\begin_layout Subsection*
-How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible
- use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software
- which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-To do so, attach the following notices to the program.
- It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectivel
-y convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the
- "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
- For example:
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-\begin_layout Quote
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- Copyright
-\size footnotesize
-© (
-\size default
-year) (name of author)
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-\begin_layout Quote
-This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
- Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
- any later version.
-
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- ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
- FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
- See the GNU General Public License for more details.
-
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-\end_layout
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-Gnomovision version 69, Copyright © year name of author Gnomovision comes
- with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
- This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain
- conditions; type `show c' for details.
-
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- parts of the General Public License.
- Of course, the commands you use may be called something other than `show
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- suits your program.
-
-\end_layout
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-\begin_layout Standard
-You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
- school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
- Here is a sample; alter the names:
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Quote
-Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program `Gnomovisi
-on' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
-
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Quote
-(signature of Ty Coon)
-\newline
-1 April 1989
-\newline
-Ty Coon, President of Vice
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Standard
-This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
- proprietary programs.
- If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful
- to permit linking proprietary applications with the library.
- If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public License
- instead of this License.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Bibliography
-
-\bibitem {Fullsack}
-Fullsack, Phillipe (1995).
- An arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian formulation for creeping flows and its
- application in tectonic models,
-\emph on
-Geophys.
- J.
- Int., 120
-\emph default
-, 1-23.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Bibliography
-
-\bibitem {VPAC}
-Quenette, S., B.
- Appelbe, M.
- Gurnis, L.
- Hodkinson, L.
- Moresi, and P.
- Sunter (2005), An Investigation into Design for Performance and Code Maintainab
-ility in High Performance Computing,
-\emph on
-ANZIAM J
-\emph default
-.
-\emph on
-, 46(e),
-\emph default
- C1001-C1016.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Bibliography
-
-\bibitem {Underworld}
-Moresi, L.N., F.
- Dufour, and H.-B.
- Mühlhaus (2003), A Lagrangian integration point finite element method for
- large deformation modeling of viscoelastic geomaterials,
-\emph on
-J.
- Comp.
- Phys., 184
-\series bold
-,
-\series default
-\emph default
- 476-497.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Bibliography
-
-\bibitem {Moresi faulting}
-Moresi, L.N., and H.-B.
- Mühlhaus (2006), Anisotropic viscous models of large-deformation MohrCoulomb
- failure,
-\emph on
-Philosophical Magazine, 86,
-\emph default
- 3287-3305.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Bibliography
-
-\bibitem {Uzawa}
- Moresi, L.N., and V.S.
- Solomatov (1995), Numerical investigation of 2D convection with extremely
- large viscosity variations,
-\emph on
-Phys.
- Fluids,
-\emph default
-
-\emph on
-7(9),
-\emph default
- 2154-2162.
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Bibliography
-
-\bibitem {Ellipsis}
-O'Neill, C., Moresi, L., Müller, D., Albert, R., Dufour, F.
- (2006), Ellipsis 3D: a particle-in-cell finite element hybrid code for
- modelling mantle convection and lithospheric deformation,
-\shape italic
-Computers & Geosciences
-\shape default
-,
-\shape italic
-32(10)
-\shape default
-, 1769-1779
-\end_layout
-
-\begin_layout Bibliography
-
-\bibitem {Citcom}
-Zhong, S., M.T.
- Zuber, L.N.
- Moresi, and M.
- Gurnis (2000), The role of temperature-dependent viscosity and surface
- plates in spherical shell models of mantle convection,
-\shape italic
-J.
- Geophys.
- Res.
-\shape default
-,
-\shape italic
-105
-\shape default
-, 11, 063-11, 082
-\end_layout
-
-\end_body
-\end_document
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