[cig-commits] commit: More revisions.
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hg at geodynamics.org
Wed Feb 6 13:23:58 PST 2013
changeset: 162:76c5affdcffd
tag: tip
user: Brad Aagaard <baagaard at usgs.gov>
date: Wed Feb 06 13:23:54 2013 -0800
files: faultRup.tex references.bib response_jgr.tex
description:
More revisions.
diff -r 956ae5206d67 -r 76c5affdcffd faultRup.tex
--- a/faultRup.tex Tue Feb 05 16:58:04 2013 -0800
+++ b/faultRup.tex Wed Feb 06 13:23:54 2013 -0800
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
% submission style, remove draft for preprint style
-%\documentclass[jgr,draft]{agutex}
-\documentclass[jgr]{agutex}
+\documentclass[jgr,draft]{agutex}
+%\documentclass[jgr]{agutex}
\usepackage{lineno}
\usepackage{rotating}
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@
\usepackage{url}
% :SUBMIT: if draft, comment out this line
-\usepackage{graphics}
+%\usepackage{graphics}
% and use this instead
-%\setkeys{Gin}{draft=false}
-%\linenumbers*[1]
+\setkeys{Gin}{draft=false}
+\linenumbers*[1]
% :SUBMIT:
% Extract figures and captions from PDF file.
@@ -130,11 +130,11 @@ Researchers have recognized for some tim
Researchers have recognized for some time, though, that interseismic
deformation and fault interactions influence earthquake rupture
propagation, and the dynamics of rupture propagation, in turn, affect
-postseismic deformation. In most cases one simplifies some portion of
-the process to expedite the modeling results of another portion. For
-example, studies of slow deformation associated with interseismic and
-postseismic behavior often approximate dynamic rupture behavior with
-the static coseismic slip
+postseismic deformation \citep{Igarashi:etal:2003,Ito:etal:2007,Chen:Lapusta:2009,Matsuzawa:etal:2010}. In most cases one simplifies
+some portion of the process to expedite the modeling results of
+another portion. For example, studies of slow deformation associated
+with interseismic and postseismic behavior often approximate dynamic
+rupture behavior with the static coseismic slip
\citep{Reilinger:etal:2000,Pollitz:etal:2001,Langbein:etal:2006,Chlieh:etal:2007}.
Likewise, studies of rapid deformation associated with earthquake
rupture propagation often approximate the loading of the crust at the
@@ -167,17 +167,31 @@ possible if they did not explicitly mode
possible if they did not explicitly model the interseismic
deformation.
-\citet{Kaneko:etal:2011} have developed some of the most sophisticated
-earthquake cycle models. Using spectral element simulations that
-capture the dynamic rupture propagation as well as the interseismic
-deformation, they examined the effects of low-rigidity layers and a
-fault damaged zone on rupture dynamics. In addition to purely dynamic
-effects, such as amplified slip rates during dynamic rupture, they
-found several effects that required resolving both the interseismic
-deformation and the rapid slip during dynamic rupture; the
-low-rigidity layers reduced the nucleation size, amplified slip rates
-during dynamic rupture, increased the recurrence interval, and reduced
-the amount of aseismic slip.
+\citet{Kaneko:etal:2011} developed more sophisticated earthquake cycle
+models using spectral element simulations that permit spatial
+variations in physical properties that capture the dynamic rupture
+propagation as well as the interseismic deformation. They examined the
+effects of low-rigidity layers and a fault damaged zone on rupture
+dynamics. In addition to purely dynamic effects, such as amplified
+slip rates during dynamic rupture, they found several effects that
+required resolving both the interseismic deformation and the rapid
+slip during dynamic rupture; the low-rigidity layers reduced the
+nucleation size, amplified slip rates during dynamic rupture,
+increased the recurrence interval, and reduced the amount of aseismic
+slip.
+
+Reproducing observed earthquake cycle behavior remains a challenge.
+\citet{Barbot:etal:2012} applied boundary integral simulation
+techniques to develop an earthquake cycle model of Mw 6.0 Parkfield,
+California, earthquakes. They employed spatial variation of the fault
+constitutive properties for Dieterich-Ruina rate-state friction to
+yield regions with stable sliding and regions with stick-slip
+behavior. This allows their numerical model to closely match the
+observed geodetic interseismic behavior as well as the slip pattern of
+the 2004 Parkfield earthquake. Nevertheless, some aspects of the
+physical process, such as the 3-D nonplanar flower-structure geometry
+of the San Andreas fault and 3-D variation in elastic properties were
+not included in the \citet{Barbot:etal:2012} model.
Collectively, these studies suggest a set of desirable features for
models of the earthquake cycle to capture both the slow
@@ -213,7 +227,7 @@ In this section we summarize the formula
In this section we summarize the formulation of the governing
equations using the finite-element method. We augment the conventional
finite-element formulation for elasticity with a domain decomposition
-approach \citep{Smith:etal:1996,Zienkiewicz:Taylor:2005} to implement
+approach \citep{Smith:etal:1996,Zienkiewicz:etal:2005} to implement
the fault slip. The PyLith manual \citep{PyLith:manual:1.7.1} provides
a step-by-step description of the formulation.
@@ -402,7 +416,7 @@ and state variables.
We evaluate the integrals in equations~(\ref{eqn:residual:elasticity})
and~(\ref{eqn:residual:constraint}) using numerical quadrature
-\citep{Zienkiewicz:Taylor:2005}. This involves evaluating the
+\citep{Zienkiewicz:etal:2005}. This involves evaluating the
integrands at the quadrature points, multiplying by the corresponding
weighting function, and summing over the quadrature points. With an
appropriate choice for the quadrature scheme the finite-element method
@@ -541,7 +555,7 @@ equation~(\ref{eqn:jacobian:constraint})
equation~(\ref{eqn:jacobian:constraint}) is spectrally equivalent to
the identity, because it just involves integration of products of the
basis functions. This makes the traditional LBB stability criterion
-(:TODO: ADD FEM REFERENCE) trivial to satisfy by choosing the space of
+\citep{Brenner:Scott:2008} trivial to satisfy by choosing the space of
Lagrange multipliers to be exactly the space of displacements,
restricted to the fault. In simple terms to specify the problem we
need to know the distance between any pair of vertices spanning the
diff -r 956ae5206d67 -r 76c5affdcffd references.bib
--- a/references.bib Tue Feb 05 16:58:04 2013 -0800
+++ b/references.bib Wed Feb 06 13:23:54 2013 -0800
@@ -1439,12 +1439,21 @@
year = {1959},
}
- at Book{Zienkiewicz:Taylor:2005,
+ at Book{Zienkiewicz:etal:2005,
author = {Zienkiewicz, O.~C. and Taylor, R.~L. and Zhu, J.~Z.},
title = {The Finite-Element Method: Its Basis and Fundamentals},
publisher = {Butterworth-Heinemann},
year = {2005},
edition = {6th},
+}
+
+ at book{Brenner:Scott:2008,
+ title = {The Mathematical Theory of Finite Element Methods},
+ author = {Brenner, S.~C. and Scottm L.~R.},
+ edition = {3rd Edition},
+ series = {Texts in Applied Mathematics},
+ year = {2008},
+ publisher = {Springer-Verlag}
}
@Misc{PETSc:web:page,
@@ -1725,7 +1734,7 @@
pages = {153--207},
}
- at article {Barbot:etal:2012,
+ at article{Barbot:etal:2012,
author = {Barbot, S. and Lapusta, N. and Avouac, J.-P.},
title = {Under the hood of the earthquake machine: {Toward}
predictive modeling of the seismic cycle},
diff -r 956ae5206d67 -r 76c5affdcffd response_jgr.tex
--- a/response_jgr.tex Tue Feb 05 16:58:04 2013 -0800
+++ b/response_jgr.tex Wed Feb 06 13:23:54 2013 -0800
@@ -121,8 +121,6 @@
have been removed.
}%
-
-
% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
\reviewer{Reviewer \#1}
@@ -346,7 +344,12 @@
earthquakes and aseismic slip based on laboratory-derived rate and
state friction laws" 2012), for example, should be acknowledged.
}{%
- ??
+ The first paragraph contains very general statements about earthquake
+ behavior that are common knowledge and serve to introduce the reader
+ to the focus of the study. We do not believe any references
+ are needed to support these statements. Additionally, they are
+ supported by the rest of the discussion, which does include
+ references to relevant studies.
}%
\comment{%
@@ -363,7 +366,8 @@
S. Sekine and H. Hirose "Slow earthquakes coincident with episodic
tremors and slow slip events", 2007) and many others really...
}{%
- ??
+ Added citations to Igarashi et al. (2003), Ito et al. (2007), Chen
+ and Lapusta (2009), and Matsuzawa et al. (2010).
}%
\comment{%
@@ -382,7 +386,8 @@
Pylith and incorporate more realistic representations of the bulk
properties of rocks. This is an exciting prospect.
}{%
- ??
+ Added a paragraph discussing the Barbot et al. (2012) study in the
+ context of earthquake cycle simulations at lines ??--??.
}%
@@ -396,7 +401,13 @@
pulses with off-fault plasticity" 2012) and from other people in the
broader community (not only US-centric!).
}{%
- ??
+ The emphasis of the introduction is on advancement of earthquake
+ cycle models, not just dynamic spontaneous rupture models. We
+ recognize that dynamic spontaneous rupture models are a very active
+ research area with studies from research groups throughout the world
+ focused on many different aspects. Because we want to maintain a
+ focus on the earthquake cycle modeling capabilities, we choose to
+ highlight studies that focus on this area.
}%
\comment{%
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